Beijing has been the center of religious worship since the Ming dynasty emperor Yongle made it China’s capital. Of all the temples built to praise supernatural forces, the Temple of Heaven stands as the most impressive.
Running an empire that held the worlds largest population, the Chinese emperors couldn’t just rely on intimidation and an effective government. They had to rule by legitimacy from Heaven.
Once forbidden ground, the Temple of Heaven is now ready to welcome you in and reveal all its mystery.
Enter from the southern gate. First you’ll see the Hall of Abstinence on the west side. The hall was where the emperor would prepare himself for the sacred ceremonies. During his stay here, he would stay away from onions, garlic, alcohol, meat, and sexual relations. Because Heaven wouldn’t like an extravagant emperor, the furnishings here were kept as simple as possible.
Standing opposite to this, on the east side, are the Animal Slaughtering Hall and the Divine Kitchen. Cattle, sheep, pigs, and other sacrificial animals were slaughtered and prepared for the ceremonies here. Almost 50 workers would have to work for quite a few days before they could get the job done.
In the hall of Divine Music Administration, imperial orchestras would practice their compositions all day and night. When the ceremonies began, no mistake was tolerated.
Visiting this hall, you are amazed by the antique instruments. Every two hours, a mock performance is staged.
By far the most important structure, the Circular Altar-built to honor Heaven-rises up in the center of the Temple of Heaven. Constructed with a radial pattern, every visitor wished to stand on the elevated stone in the center. For this was believed to be the center of the universe.
And this was where the emperor would bow on his knees to take vows and confirm his legitimacy to rule China. A Chinese philosopher once wrote:If the ruler is right, then the creative energy of the universe will be harmonious and compliant. The rain and wind will be timely. Auspicious stars will appear, and then, the yellow dragon will descend.
Now with the mandate from Heaven, the emperor is able to legitimately rule China.
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